Gastrointestinal (GI) health is vital because it supports nutrient absorption, immune function, hormone regulation, and even mental well-being. However, many people overlook symptoms of GI problems like persistent stomach pain, bloating, or irregular bowel habits. While these symptoms are often harmless, they can signal more serious conditions. In Singapore, gastrointestinal issues like gastritis, acid reflux, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and colorectal cancer are becoming more and more common [1], particularly among the ageing population.
Early detection of gastrointestinal disorders is crucial, as it allows for timely treatment that can relieve symptoms and help prevent the progression of serious conditions like colorectal cancer. Gastroscopy and colonoscopy are two of the most common procedures used to detect GI issues. Although both endoscopic exams, they target different parts of the digestive system and serve different diagnostic purposes. Understanding the differences can help patients better prepare and make informed decisions about their symptoms.
Keep reading to learn more about the differences between gastroscopy and colonoscopy and the purposes of each.
Gastroscopy, also called upper endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure that examines the upper part of the digestive tract. This includes the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum. A gastroscopy diagnoses various conditions that affect this part of the body. These include:
A type of bacterial infection on the stomach lining that is a major cause of ulcers and gastritis. It’s typically diagnosed via biopsy during a gastroscopy. Symptoms include upper abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, burping, bloating, loss of appetite, or weight loss.
During a gastroscopy procedure, a flexible tube with a tiny camera (endoscope) is gently inserted through the mouth and down the throat. This tube has a small camera at its tip that sends live video to a monitor, allowing the doctor to detect abnormalities such as ulcers, inflammation, bleeding, or tumours.
Before the procedure, patients are usually required to fast for six to eight hours to ensure the stomach is empty. A local anaesthetic spray is often applied to numb the throat, and a mild sedative is usually given to help the patient stay relaxed and comfortable.
During the procedure, the patient lies on their side while the doctor carefully inserts the endoscope through the mouth and throat into the stomach. If necessary, your doctor can also collect tissue samples (biopsies) for further testing.
The entire process typically takes about fifteen to twenty minutes. Afterwards, the patient is observed until the effects of the sedative wear off. Some people may experience a sore throat or mild bloating, but these symptoms usually resolve quickly. Most individuals can resume normal eating and drinking within a few hours and go home the same day if there are no complications.
A colonoscopy is a medical procedure used to examine the inside of the colon (large intestine) and rectum. It involves the use of a long and flexible tube called a colonoscope, which has a camera and light at its tip. This allows the doctor to view the inner lining of the colon and identify any abnormalities such as polyps, tumours, or signs of inflammation.
A colonoscopy is typically performed to diagnose or rule out various gastrointestinal conditions, including:
Abnormal growths on the colon lining that can potentially develop into cancer if left untreated.
Cancer that begins in the colon or rectum, often diagnosed through the identification of tumours or other abnormal growths.
The presence of small pouches in the colon wall, which may become inflamed or infected, and lead to diverticulitis.
A group of inflammatory conditions that affect the colon and small intestine, with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis being the most common types.
A colonoscopy can identify the source of gastrointestinal bleeding that could be due to ulcers, haemorrhoids, or other issues.
During a colonoscopy procedure, the patient lies on their side, and the colonoscope is gently inserted through the rectum and guided into the colon. The patient will be under mild sedation to ensure comfort during the procedure. The camera at the end of the scope sends live images to a monitor, allowing the doctor to closely inspect the colon. If necessary, the doctor may take biopsy samples or remove polyps for further examination. The entire procedure usually takes between thirty to sixty minutes.
Preparation for a colonoscopy is an important aspect of the procedure to ensure the best results. A few days before the procedure, you will be instructed to follow a special diet that mainly consists of clear liquids while avoiding solid foods. You will also need to take laxatives the day before to thoroughly empty your colon. On the day of the procedure, you will be asked to fast and refrain from eating or drinking for several hours. This helps to ensure the colon is clear and provides the doctor with the best possible view of your colon during the examination.
Gastroscopy and colonoscopy are both essential procedures for diagnosing gastrointestinal conditions, but they focus on different parts of the digestive system and are used to identify distinct health issues. Understanding the differences between these two procedures can help patients make informed decisions about which procedure may be right for their symptoms.
Here are the key differences between the two procedures:
A gastroscopy focuses on the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which includes the oesophagus, stomach, and the duodenum (the upper part of the small intestine). A colonoscopy, on the other hand, targets the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract, specifically the colon (large intestine) and rectum.
Preparation for both procedures differs significantly. For a gastroscopy, patients typically need to fast for six to eight hours before the procedure to ensure the stomach is empty. In contrast, preparing for a colonoscopy requires more steps, including following a clear liquid diet for a few days before the procedure and taking laxatives to thoroughly empty the colon.
A gastroscopy is commonly used to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the upper GI tract, such as acid reflux (GERD), gastric ulcers, chronic gastritis, and in some cases, early-stage stomach cancer. A colonoscopy, however, is used to investigate the lower GI tract for conditions like colon polyps, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and to explore causes of gastrointestinal bleeding or persistent changes in bowel habits.
A gastroscopy typically takes around ten totwelve twenty minutes, and recovery is relatively quick. Most patients experience only minor discomfort, like a sore throat or bloating, which usually resolves soon after the procedure. In comparison, a colonoscopy is slightly longer, usually taking between fifteen to twentythirty to sixty minutes, with a longer recovery period. After the procedure, some people may experience gas or bloating. Patients may also feel drowsy and require more time to fully recover from the effects of the sedative.
Knowing when to seek either a gastroscopy or colonoscopy is crucial for early diagnosis and effective treatment of gastrointestinal conditions. While only a doctor or gastrointestinal specialist can determine whether you need one of these procedures, understanding the key symptoms and risk factors associated with each procedure can help you take the next step, such as booking an appointment if required.
Symptoms that may require a gastroscopy:
A gastroscopy is typically recommended if you are experiencing symptoms related to the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, such as:
Symptoms that may require a colonoscopy:
A colonoscopy is generally recommended for symptoms affecting the lower GI tract, such as:
Existing conditions:
If you have existing conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastric ulcers, or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), your doctor may recommend a gastroscopy or colonoscopy based on your symptoms or to monitor the progression of the condition. For example, a colonoscopy is often used for ongoing management of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.
Risk factors:
Certain risk factors may increase your likelihood of needing either procedure. Those with a family history of colon cancer, stomach cancer, or inflammatory bowel disease are often advised to undergo screenings. If you are over the age of 50, regular colonoscopy screenings are recommended, even without symptoms, to detect colorectal cancer early. For gastroscopy, risk factors like heavy alcohol consumption, smoking, or prolonged use of certain medications may also increase the need for examination of the upper GI tract.
Screening guidelines in Singapore:
In Singapore, colorectal cancer screening is recommended for individuals aged 50 and above who are at average risk. The Ministry of Health advises [2] regular colonoscopy screenings every ten years for those in this age group. If you have higher risk factors, such as a family history of colorectal cancer, screenings may begin earlier or be done more frequently. Gastroscopy is not part of standard screening guidelines, but may be recommended based on symptoms or family history of stomach cancer.
Understanding these guidelines and symptoms will help you know when to consult a doctor for either procedure, ensuring timely diagnosis and treatment. In some cases, both gastroscopy and colonoscopy can be performed simultaneously, depending on your doctor’s advice. This approach can be particularly beneficial for patients with symptoms that involve both the upper and lower GI tracts, reducing the need for multiple appointments and providing a more comprehensive examination in one session.
If you're experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms or need a screening, don’t wait. At Alpine Surgical, our experienced specialists are here to guide you through the process of gastroscopy or colonoscopy, while tailoring personalised treatment plans depending on the outcome of the procedure. We also offer screening packages to help detect gastrointestinal conditions like colorectal cancer and gastritis early. Contact us now to schedule a consultation.
After a gastroscopy, most patients can resume normal activities within a few hours, although some mild discomfort, such as a sore throat or bloating, may persist temporarily. For a colonoscopy, the recovery time may be slightly longer, with patients potentially experiencing mild cramping or bloating. It’s important to follow the post-procedure care instructions provided by your doctor to ensure a smooth recovery.
Both procedures are generally safe, but like any medical procedure, they come with certain risks. Potential complications include bleeding and infection, which are rare. If you experience any unusual symptoms after the procedure, such as severe pain, fever, or persistent bleeding, it is important to contact your doctor immediately.
Your doctor will discuss the results with you after the procedure. In some cases, further treatment may be necessary depending on the findings. For example, if polyps are discovered during a colonoscopy, they may be removed and sent for biopsy. Your doctor will also recommend follow-up care to ensure your condition is properly managed and monitored over time.
The cost of gastroscopy and colonoscopy procedures in Singapore can vary based on factors such as the doctor and the specific type of procedure. Typically, the cost ranges from SGD 800 to SGD 2,500 for a gastroscopy, and SGD 1,200 to SGD 3,000 for a colonoscopy. Take note that additional tests or treatments may increase the overall cost.
For Singaporean citizens and permanent residents, Medisave can help cover part of the costs for both procedures. Private insurance coverage may also assist in reducing expenses, but the extent of this coverage will vary depending on the policy. It is advisable to contact your insurer ahead of time to understand the coverage limits.
When selecting a gastrointestinal specialist or clinic for your gastroscopy or colonoscopy, there are several key factors to consider. First, ensure that the specialist has the appropriate qualifications and experience. Look for doctors with recognised credentials and significant experience in performing gastrointestinal procedures. A comfortable and well-maintained facility will also contribute to a positive experience.
When you’ve scheduled a consultation with a gastrointestinal specialist, consider asking important questions such as:
Understanding the key differences between gastroscopy and colonoscopy can help you make informed decisions about your gastrointestinal health. Early detection and regular screenings are important for preventing serious conditions like cancer. Symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, indigestion, and others associated with gastrointestinal issues can be debilitating and affect your quality of life.
If you're experiencing symptoms or are at risk for gastrointestinal diseases, it's crucial to consult with a gastrointestinal specialist and undergo either a gastroscopy or colonoscopy to find out the root cause. These procedures can help identify underlying conditions, alleviate discomfort, give you peace of mind, and prevent the progression of more serious health issues, while ensuring your digestive system remains in good condition.
Neither of these procedures is typically painful as sedation is commonly used to keep patients comfortable. You may feel side effects such as mild bloating or cramping afterward, but pain is rare.
You should be able to eat like you normally do within 24 hours, but check with your doctor for specific instructions.
Yes, endoscopy can be used to remove certain types of tumours, particularly if they are small and found early.
Many people avoid colonoscopies due to fear of discomfort, embarrassment, or the bowel prep, but modern techniques make the procedure safe, quick, and usually painless.
Copyright © Alpine Surgical Practice | Terms & Conditions
Eng
Bahasa Indonesia
